Premio Mies van der Rohe 2009 / New Oslo Opera House – Snøhetta

Ganador del Premio Mies Van de Rohe 2009: la Nueva Opera House de Oslo por el estudio Snøhetta.

El premio de carácter bianual es concedido por la Unión Europea y la Fundació Mies van der Rohe de Barcelona. Su principal propósito es reconocer y recompensar la calidad de la producción arquitectónica en Europa.

Distintos arquitectos han recibido el Premio Mies van der Rohe desde desde 1988, destacando entre sus ganadores Álvaro Siza, Norman Foster,Peter Zumthor, Dominique Perrault, Rafael Moneo, Zaha Hadid, OMA, Mansilla+Tuñon entre otros.

Snøhetta, fundado en 1989, ha desarrollado de manera continuada diversos tipos de proyectos desde la escala de planificación hasta el diseño de interiores. Con un fuerte acento en la relación arquitectura-paisaje, los proyectos de Snøhetta se  caracterizan a su vez por el trabajo coolaborativo entre arquitectos y artistas locales-internacionales.

Los arquitectos dieron fe de las suspicacias generadas por el  proyecto de la Opera, aún en etapa de concurso, debido a la relación del edificio con su contexto. En palabras de Thorsen, críticos del proyecto creian impensable la construcción de una rampa que diera vida al espacio público de la Opera debido a las carácteristicas climáticas de Oslo.

PROYECTO:

Location: Oslo, Norway

Typology: Operahouse

Size: 38,500 m2

Client: Ministry of Church and Cultural Affairs

Schedule: 1st prize int. comp. Built 2008

The operahouse is the realisation of the winning competion entry. Four diagrams, which were part of the entry, explain the building’s basic concept.

"The wave wall"

Opera and ballet are young artforms in Norway. These artforms evolve in an international setting . The Bjørvika peninsula is part of a harbour city, which is historically the meeting point with the rest of the world.. The dividing line between the ground ’here’ and the water ‘there’is both a real and a symbolic threshold. This threshold is realised as a large wall on the line of the meeting between land and sea, Norway and the world, art and everyday life. This is the threshold where the public meet the art.

"The Factory"

A detailed brief was developed as a basis for the competition. Snøhetta proposed that the production facitities of the operahouse should be realised as a self contained, rationally planned ‘factory’. This factory should be both functional and flexible during the planning phase as well as in later use. This flexibility has proved to be very important during the planning phase: a number of rooms and romm groups have been adjusted in collaboration with the end user. These changes have improved the buildings functionality without affecting the architecture.

"The Carpet"

The competion brief stated that the operahouse should be of high architectural quality and should be monumental in it’s expression. One idea stood out as a legitimation of this monumentality: The concept of togetherness, joint ownership, easy and open access for all. To achieve a monumentality based on these notions we wished to make the opera accessible in the widest possible sense, by laying out a ‘carpet’ of horizontal and sloping surfaces on top of the building. This carpet has been given an articulated form, related to the cityscape. Monumentality is achieved through horizontal extension and not verticality.

The conceptual basis of the competition, and the final building, is a combination of thes three elements – The wave wall, the factory and the carpet.

The operahouse is the first element in the planned transformation of this area of the city. In 2010 the heavy traffic beside the building will be moved into a tunnel under the fjord. Due to its size and aesthetic expression, the operahouse will stand apart from other buildings in the area. The marble clad roofscape forms a large public space in the landscape of the city and the fjord.

The public face of the operahouse faces west and north – while at the same time, the building’s profile is clear from a great distance from the fjord to the south. Viewed from the Akershus castle and from the grid city the building creates a relationship between the fjord and the Ekerberg hill to the east. Seen from the central station and Chr. Fredriks sq. the opera catches the attention with a falling which frames the eastern edge of the view of the fjord and its islands.

Sitio del proyecto con descripción, fotos y plantas


SITIO OFICIAL - SNOHETTA


VIDEO - análisis detallado: OSLO OPERA HOUSE